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Justo Pérez de Urbel : ウィキペディア英語版
Justo Pérez de Urbel

Justo Pérez Santiago (August 7, 1895 – 1979) later known as Fray Justo Pérez de Urbel y Santiago O.S.B. was a Spanish Roman Catholic clergyman (Order of Saint Benedict) and medievalist, first abbot of the Monastery of the Holy Cross of the Valle de los Caídos,〔 "Fray Justo Pérez de Urbel, abad del Valle de los Caídos", ''Diario de Burgos'', 18 July 1958〕 member of the Consejo Nacional del Movimiento (the first quasi-parliamentary assembly of Francoist Spain), later a Procurador en Cortes (member of the longer-lived Francoist assembly established after the end of the Spanish Civil War) and distinguished scholar of medieval Castile.
==Life==
Born in Pedrosa de Río Úrbel,〔 Burgos, Spain, Pérez Santiago entered the monastic school of the nearby Abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos at age 12 in 1907.〔(2009 ) p. 4.〕 He enrolled in the order in 1912,〔 and was ordained 25 August 1918.〔(2009 ) p. 6.〕 He was already a well-known religious and historical writer during the era of the Second Spanish Republic.〔(2009 ) ''passim'', esp. p. 9.〕
In mid-1938, during the Spanish Civil War, the Nationalists established the headquarters of their Women's Section in the Salesian convent of Burgos. At that time, Pilar Primo de Rivera sought someone capable of leading the spiritual organization of the religious life of that organization. Severino Aznar, father of Agustín Aznar, commented that at the Abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos there was a spiritual and erudite monk who would doubtless be good for the job. Pilar took this counsel, proposing Pérez Santiago's candidature to abbot Luciano Serrano.〔(2009 ) p. 10-11.〕
That year Pérez Santiago was named director of the new Nationalist children's magazine ''Flechas y Pelayos'', formed by a merger of two earlier magazines, ''Flechas'' and ''Pelayo'';〔(2009 ) p. 11.〕 he was also involved in ''Clarín'' and ''Maravillas''.〔(2009 ) p. 12.〕 He was joined at ''Flechas y Pelayos'' by Aróztegui and Pilar Valle.〔 The merger of ''Flechas'' and ''Pelayo'' was intended, among other things, to overcome confrontations between two different factions within the Nationalist camp.〔 Besides directing the magazine, he also "Doctrine and style" section.〔 Antonio Martín Martínez, ''Apuntes para una historia de los tebeos III. Tiempos heroicos del tebeo español (1936-1946)'', Madrid: Revista de Educación, n.º 196, February 1968, p. 64-65.〕
After the Nationalists won the Civil War, he was named Prior of the Church of Montserrat in Madrid (associated with the abbey of Silos)〔 and chaplain of the Women's Section of the Falange. At the same time, he was designated as the person to approve or reject applications to establish new comic books.〔Martín (02/1968), p. 67.〕
Pérez Santiago was a member of the Consejo Nacional del Movimiento (the first quasi-parliamentary assembly of Francoist Spain).〔Decreto de 23 de noviembre de 1942 por el que se modifica la composición del Consejo Nacional de FET y de las JONS y se nombran los miembros del tercer Consejo Nacional. (Decree of 23 November 1942 modifying the composition of the National Council of FET y de las JONS and naming the members of the third National Council.)〕 He became a Procurador en Cortes when the first legislature of the Francoist Cortes Generales was convened 16 March 1943.
Pérez Santiago's first notable writing was poetry he wrote while still a student at Silos. Also at Silos, he became acquainted with several languages, acquiring fluent French, decent English and German, and a good familiarity with Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and Arabic.〔(2009 ) p. 5.〕 In 1925 he published the first〔(2009 ) p. 7.〕 of what would eventually be 71 books in the fields of hagiography, history, liturgy and art. From the outset, he wrote for a wide variety of audiences, ranging from academic works to works for children.〔
He received his doctorate from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1950. That same year, by means of a competitive exam, he became Professor of Medieval Spanish History at that same university.〔 He was also Honorary Counselor of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Director of the Colegio Mayor "Marqués de la Ensenada".
On 17 July 1958, in the presence of the Undersecretary of the Presidency Luis Carrero Blanco and Minister of the Interior Camilo Alonso Vega, he was invested as the first abbot of the Basílica de Santa Cruz of the Valle de los Caídos. The benediction of the basilica was given by the abbot of Santo Domingo de Silos, Isaac María Toribios who performed a mass and formally invested him as abbot.〔 (Fray Justo Pérez de Urbel, primer abad del Valle de los Caídos ), ''La Carregue'' 17 July 1958. Accessed online on lacarregue.googlepages.com, 2 August 2012.〕 Pérez Santiago remained an abbot until 1966, when he resigned for health reasons.
On 15 November 1967 he became a member of the tenth National Council of FET y de las JONS.〔Congreso de los Diputados, índice Histórico de Diputados ()〕

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